Getting tractors to start during CNY winters can be challenging.  And using an engine block heater can cost more money that you think. Mary Wrege from Cornell Cooperative Extension suggests using a timer to increase efficiency and save dollars.

The typical engine block heater takes just 1 to 2 hours to raise a tractor engine to temperature for starting. A simple 24-hour clock timer can automatically turn the heater on at the desired time. The energy savings from running the engine block heater unnecessarily will usually pay for the clock timer in 1 to 3 months.

I used a Tractor Heater Timer Calculator that showed energy savings, yearly cost estimate savings and estimated payback. (Check your utility bill to see what your electric rate is shown as $/kWh. (My personal kWh rate is approx. $.12-$.14)

Diesel engines can be difficult to start in cold weather. To improve low temperature starting, engine block heaters can be installed to warm engines via the engine coolant. If block heaters are not standard with a particular engine, after-market block heaters are available. A block heater usually takes only 1 to 2 hours to warm an engine for starting. However, many operators will leave the heater plugged in whenever the tractor is not in use or plug in the heater in the evening for use the next morning.

Cost of Operating

A 1000-watt engine heater that runs 10 hours per day (overnight typically) from late November through mid March will use about $90 in electricity. A clock timer can save money on your electric bill by activating the engine block heater two hours before it's normally used, saving over $70 in electricity per year. For 120-volt block heaters of 1800 watts or less, plug in timers (often used for pools) are available that cost about $20. For block heaters over 1800-watts or heaters that operate on 240-volts, timers will cost $40 to $60. In both cases the payback is less than one season. Timers are available at most hardware stores and building centers. Timers should be outdoor or weatherproof rated and installed on properly grounded electrical circuits.

Approximate Yearly Operation Cost for Different Wattage Engine Block Heaters
(assuming cost of $0.12061/kWh)

Heater Wattage

Cost for 10 hour/day

Cost for 2 hours/day

Savings/year

400

$48.25

$9.65

$38.60

600

$72.37

$14.48

$57.89

750

$90.46

$18.10

$72.36

1000

$120.61

$24.13

$96.48

1250

$150.77

$30.16

$120.61

1500

$180.92

$36.19

$144.73

CHOOSING THE RIGHT TIMER
The cost to operate an engine block heater is actually quite minimal if done correctly. Using a plug-in timer is an easy and inexpensive way to optimize heater use.
To ensure top performance look for an engine block heater timer with the following features:
Outdoor-rated or cold weather-resistant
A thermostat that turns off the heater if the ambient air temperature is
warmer than a pre-set temperature
UL-listed and rated for 15 amps or greater (or as needed for the heater)

SOURCE: Cornell Cooperative Extension - Mary Wrege

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